FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
Academic Year 2023/2024 - Teacher: Giuseppa Rita CIRMIExpected Learning Outcomes
The course aims to provide the basic knowledge of Functional Analysis. Students will be able to operate in the framework of topological vector spaces, reflexive spaces, Hilbert and Sobolev spaces. They learn how the abstract results from Functional Analysis can be applied to solve PDEs.
In particular the course objectives are:
Knowledge and understanding: students will learn the main abstract results in Functional Analysis. They will be able to operate in the framework of topological vector spaces. The theory of linear operators will be developed and some of the most important classes of spaces will be introduced.
Applying knowledge and understanding: students will be able to apply the mathematical tools learned to solve theoretical and technical problems.
Making judgements: students will be stimulated to work on specific topics they have not studied during the class, developing exercises related on the field knowledge with greater independence. Seminars and lectures are scheduled to give students the chance to share them with the other students .
Communication skills: students will learn to communicate with clarity and rigour both.
Learning skills: students will be stimulated to examine in depth some mathematical techniques, arising from the study of the main results, which may be used to solve other problems.
Course Structure
The principal concepts and learning outcomes will be structured by planning frontal lectures. Furthermore, to improve the making judgements homework will be assigned.
Students enrolled in Cinap are invited to meet the teacher before the exam.
Required Prerequisites
Attendance of Lessons
Detailed Course Content
Topological vector spaces. Definition and characterization of topological vector space.Filters. Locally convex vector spaces and their characterization.Hausdorff topological vector spaces. Minkowski's functional. Hahn Banach Theorem: analytic and geometric forms. Separation theorems. Extreme points. Krein Milman Theorem.
Linear operators. Continuity. The space of linear continuous operators between normed spaces. Open mapping Theorem and applications. Closed graph Theorem. Unifom boundedness Theorem. Banach - Steinhaus theorem. Adjoint operator.
Weak topology. Definition and properties of the weak topology. Closure and weak costretto of a convex set.Weak star topology. Krein Smulian Theorem. Eberlein Smulian Theorem. Banach Alaouglu' s Theorem. Goldstine Theorem.
Reflexive Banach spaces. Characterizations of reflexive Banach spaces. Characterization of reflexive and separable Banach spaces. Metrizability of weakly compact sets. Separability and weak topologies. Uniformly convex spaces.The Theorem of Milman-Pettis.
Hilbert Spaces. Definitions and elementary properties. Projection onto a closed and convex set. The dual space of a Hilbert space. The Theorems of Stampacchia and Lax-Milgram. Hilbert sums. Orthonormal bases.
Sobolev spaces. Weak derivatives. Definitions and elementary properties of the space W1,p . Sobolev inequalities. The Rellich-Kondrakov Theorem. The space W01,p. Variational formulation of some boundary value problems.
Textbook Information
1. H. Brezis, Functional Analysis, Sobolev spaces and Partial Differential Equations, Springer
2. L. V. Kantorovich, G. P. Akilov, Analisi funzionale, Editori Riuniti.
3. R.Megginson An Introduction to Banach space Theory, Springer
4. H.H. Schaefer, Topological Vector spaces, Springer
Course Planning
| Subjects | Text References | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Topological vector spaces | 4 |
| 2 | Linear operators | 2 or 3 |
| 3 | Weak topologies | 2 or 3 |
| 4 | Reflexive spaces | 2 or 3 |
| 5 | Hilbert spaces | 1 |
| 6 | Sobolev spaces | 1 |
Learning Assessment
Learning Assessment Procedures
The final exam consists of an oral test.
Final grades will be assigned taking into account the following criteria:
Rejected: Basic knowledges have not been acquired.
18-23: Basic knowledges have been acquired. The student has sufficient communications skills and making judgements.
24-27: All the knowledges have been acquired. The student has good communications skills and making judgements.
28-30 cum laude: All the knowledges have been completely acquired. The student is able to apply the knowledges to some new problems. He has excellent communications skills, learning skills and making judgements.
Examples of frequently asked questions and / or exercises
Examples of questions are listed below
1. Hahn Banach Theorem: geometric form and applications.
2. Reflexive Banach spaces and some of their characterizations.
3. Example of a topological space that is not locally convex space
4. Hilbert spaces. Projection onto a closed convex set.
The above list isn't exhaustive.